{"id":11713,"date":"2019-09-22T12:05:42","date_gmt":"2019-09-22T10:05:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/?p=11713"},"modified":"2023-02-03T05:19:25","modified_gmt":"2023-02-03T04:19:25","slug":"10-causes-of-human-trafficking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/","title":{"rendered":"10 Causes of Human Trafficking"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The United Nations <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/unodc\/en\/human-Trafficking\/Human-Trafficking.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">defines human trafficking<\/a> as \u201cthe recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring, or receipt of people through force, fraud, or deception, with the aim of exploiting them for profit.\u201d It exists in almost every industry, including domestic work, agriculture, mining, fishing, factory work, and commercial sex work. Victims of human trafficking can also be forced into marriage and armed conflict. Victims may be paid (they often aren\u2019t), but their wages are so low, they are essentially slaves. Why does human trafficking exist? Understanding the roots of trafficking can help the world address it. Here are ten of the primary causes:<\/p>\n<p>#1. Poverty<br \/>\n#2. A lack of education<br \/>\n#3. The demand for cheap labor\/sex<br \/>\n#4. A lack of human rights protections<br \/>\n#5. A lack of legimiate economic opportunities<br \/>\n#6. Cultural factors<br \/>\n#7. Conflict and natural disasters<br \/>\n#8. A lack of safe migration options<br \/>\n#9. Deception and intimidation<br \/>\n#10. Profit<\/p>\n<h2><strong>#1 Poverty<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Poverty, especially extreme poverty, is one of the most significant drivers of human trafficking. Extreme poverty is defined as living with less than <a href=\"https:\/\/odi.org\/en\/insights\/the-definition-of-extreme-poverty-has-just-changed-heres-what-you-need-to-know\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$1.90 a day<\/a>. While efforts to end extreme poverty were on the right track, the COVID-19 pandemic reversed progress. In 2020 &#8211; for the first time in twenty years &#8211; the number of workers living in <a href=\"https:\/\/unstats.un.org\/sdgs\/report\/2022\/goal-01\/#:~:text=The%20combined%20crises%20could%20lead,compared%20with%20pre%2Dpandemic%20projections.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">extreme poverty rose<\/a> from 6.7% in 2019 to 7.2%. That increase represented 8 million people. To find better work, many people migrate, which makes them more <a href=\"https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/world\/migrants-and-their-vulnerability-human-trafficking-modern-slavery-and-forced-labour\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vulnerable to traffickers<\/a>. People also sell their own family members &#8211; including <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zakat.org\/why-would-a-mother-sell-her-children\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">their children<\/a> &#8211; to survive or in the hopes their loved ones might get a chance at a better life. Other causes of human trafficking, like a lack of education and legitimate work, are closely tied to poverty.<\/p>\n<p><u>Recommeded courses on poverty issues: <\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/poverty-prosperity-understanding-economic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oxford University \u2013 From Poverty to Prosperity: Understanding Economic Development<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/human-rights-human-wrongs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SDG Academy \u2013 Human Rights, Human Wrongs: Challenging Poverty, Vulnerability and Social Exclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>#2 A lack of education <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/about-us\/universal-declaration-of-human-rights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Universal Declaration of Human Rights<\/a> lists education as a human right in article 26. \u201cEveryone has a right to education,\u201d the text reads. It goes on to stipulate that education should be free (at least in the elementary and fundamental stages) and compulsory, while technical and professional education should be made \u201cgenerally available.\u201d Higher education should be \u201cequally accessible to all on the basis of merit.\u201d When people don\u2019t get a good education, it negatively impacts their lives and the lives of their families, including their children. Income potential is a big reason why. It is much harder to escape poverty without education. Additionally, the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.interpol.int\/en\/Crimes\/Human-trafficking\/Types-of-human-trafficking\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> types of jobs<\/a> that tend to not require academic education &#8211; like agricultural work, mining, fisheries, construction work, and domestic service &#8211; have higher rates of trafficking. Good education helps people get better work and avoid the conditions that lead to exploitation.<\/p>\n<p><u>Recommended courses on global education and inclusion:<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/inclusive-teaching-supporting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Columbia University \u2013 Inclusive Teaching: Supporting All Students in the College Classroom<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>#3 The demand for cheap labor\/sex<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Consumers are always looking for cheaper products and services. Unfortunately, this drives corporations to look for cheaper and cheaper labor, which incentivizes exploitation and trafficking. Industries like agriculture, fishing, mining, and domestic work are especially ripe for exploitation. Commercial sex is also very in demand, which encourages traffickers to supply more people, especially women and girls. According to 2020 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/documents\/data-and-analysis\/tip\/2021\/GLOTiP_2020_15jan_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNODC data<\/a>, women and girls make up 65% of trafficking victims. 90% of them are trafficked for commercial sex. Children are also especially vulnerable to exploitation like forced labor, forced marriage, armed conflict, and commercial sex as they\u2019re easier to manipulate and abuse. Globally, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/stories\/children-make-almost-one-third-all-human-trafficking-victims-worldwide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1 out of every 3<\/a> victims are children. As long as there\u2019s demand, vulnerable groups like children are in danger.<\/p>\n<p><u>Recommended free courses on cheap\/child labor:<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/child-protection-rights-in\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Harvard University \u2013 Child Protection: Children\u2019s Rights in Theory and Practice<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>#4 A lack of human rights protections<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Many legal frameworks forbid human trafficking like debt bondage, child sexual exploitation, forced marriage, and forced prostitution. However, as the UN\u2019s Office of the High Commissioner <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Documents\/Publications\/FS36_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fact Sheet 36<\/a> on Human Rights and Human Trafficking reads, not all legal frameworks center on human rights. Certain aspects of trafficking may be addressed as immigration, crime, or public order issues as opposed to human rights issues. When human rights aren\u2019t centered, it can be trickier to determine who is responsible for responding to and preventing human trafficking. Anti-trafficking efforts can be scattershot and ineffective. Even when they do identify victims, victims can be retraumatized when their rights aren\u2019t protected. Trafficking is a clear violation of human rights, but if anti-trafficking activities don\u2019t use a rights approach, attempts to end trafficking can cause more harm.<\/p>\n<p><u>Recommended courses on human rights:<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/child-protection-rights-in\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Harvard University \u2013 Child Protection: Children\u2019s Rights in Theory and Practice<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/internat-human-rights-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UCLouvain &#8211; International Human Rights Law<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/human-rights-human-wrongs-c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SDG Academy \u2013 Human Rights, Human Wrongs: Challenging Poverty, Vulnerability and Social Exclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>#5 A lack of legitimate economic opportunities <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>No one wants to be trafficked and exploited, but a lack of legitimate economic opportunities can drive people into dangerous situations. They\u2019re more likely to take risks if they have no better options. COVID-19 caused an <a href=\"https:\/\/news.un.org\/en\/story\/2021\/06\/1093182#:~:text=COVID%20crisis%20to%20push%20global%20unemployment%20over%20200%20million%20mark%20in%202022,-2%20June%202021&amp;text=The%20economic%20crisis%20caused%20by,labour%20experts%20said%20on%20Wednesday.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">increase in unemployment<\/a>, especially among women and youth workers, who are already at a higher risk for trafficking. People from low-income countries with high unemployment and the most vulnerable groups in wealthy nations are the most vulnerable. Stabilizing economies and improving economic development give people more legitimate economic opportunities, so they aren\u2019t driven into risky situations by desperation.<\/p>\n<p><u>Recommended courses on economic development:<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/poverty-prosperity-understanding-economic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oxford University \u2013 From Poverty to Prosperity: Understanding Economic Development<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/QOaR2z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leuven University \u2013 The UN Sustainable Development Goals: an Interdisciplinary Academic Introduction<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>#6 Cultural factors<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>There are a handful of cultural factors that impact the prevalence of human trafficking. According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/documents\/data-and-analysis\/tip\/2021\/GLOTiP_2020_15jan_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNODC<\/a>, sending a child away to work is commonly accepted in places like Central America, East Asia, and the Caribbean. It\u2019s much easier to exploit children in these environments, so trafficking can often happen out in the open. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.antislavery.org\/slavery-today\/bonded-labour\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bonded labor<\/a>, which occurs when people are forced to work to pay off a debt, is also still prevalent in India, Pakistan, and other Asian countries. Debt bondage is itself a form of exploitation, but it can lead to worse trafficking as many are trapped after their debt has been paid. Devaluing the personhood of women and girls is also a persistent cultural factor impacting human trafficking. When women and girls are not seen as full humans worthy of rights and respect, they\u2019re the first group to be targeted by traffickers.<\/p>\n<p><u>Recommended courses on forced labor:<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/9WmbyQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wits University \u2013 Forced and Precarious Labor in the Global Economy: Slavery by Another Name?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>#7 Conflict and natural disasters<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>When society faces severe disruptions, people get more desperate and trafficking becomes more prevalent. As the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/special-procedures\/sr-trafficking-in-persons\/trafficking-conflict-and-humanitarian-crises\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OHCHR says<\/a>, \u201cconflict tends to fuel impunity,\u201d so traffickers are more willing to break laws and traffic others for profit. People also lack safe, legal options for work and\/or migration, which opens the door to exploitation. In armed conflict, children as young as 8 years old can be forced to work as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/topic\/childrens-rights\/child-soldiers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">soldiers<\/a>, spies, messengers, or lookouts. Women and girls are often victims of sexual trafficking during conflict, as well. What about during <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/disasters\/human_trafficking_info_for_shelters.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">natural disasters<\/a>? Large groups of people can lose their homes, access to education, access to work, and access to basics like water and food. Traffickers swoop in and exploit these vulnerabilities, often promising help.<\/p>\n<p><u>Recommended free courses on conflict and disaster:<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/jWNMJa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Harvard University \u2013 Humanitarian Response to Conflict and Disaster<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>#8 A lack of safe migration options<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Refugees and migrants are among the most targeted groups for trafficking. When they lack options for safe, legal migration, people may turn to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/e4j\/en\/secondary\/human-trafficking-and-migrant-smuggling.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">smugglers<\/a>. Smugglers aren\u2019t always traffickers since the migrant agrees to pay them for their services. The situation can quickly turn into trafficking, however. The smuggler might demand more payment than agreed upon, sexually exploit the people they\u2019re smuggling, or sell them. We don\u2019t have accurate information about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2021\/07\/world-day-against-trafficking-challenging-misconceptions-about-human-trafficking-in-migration-pathways\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">how many migrants are trafficked<\/a> or how many are taking \u201cirregular pathways\u201d versus regular migration channels. This means that not only are people at risk when they lack safe migration options, they\u2019re still vulnerable even if they aren\u2019t being smuggled.<\/p>\n<p><u>Recommended courses on refugee rights:<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edx.sjv.io\/asylum-and-refugee-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UCLouvain &#8211; Asylum and Refugee Law<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/imp.i384100.net\/kjB4mv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The University of London &#8211; Refugees in the 21st Century<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>#9 Deception and intimidation <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>No one wants to be trafficked, so traffickers use a variety of tactics to manipulate and intimidate vulnerable people. Deception is key. According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/documents\/data-and-analysis\/tip\/2021\/GLOTiP_2020_15jan_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNODC<\/a>, some trafficking networks pretend to be legitimate recruitment agencies. They target migrants who want to work abroad, lying about fees, documents, transport, and more. Once the victim is given work, the network may steal their salaries. These \u201cagencies\u201d also often lie about the nature of the job, especially to women. Promised domestic work like childcare or housekeeping, women and girls can end up forced into commercial sex. In addition to deception, traffickers rely on intimidation tactics like physical assault, sexual abuse, harassment, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/blog\/modern-day-slavery\/201610\/psychological-tactics-used-human-traffickers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">psychological abuse<\/a> to keep victims trapped.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>#10 Profit <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>As is the case with any criminal activity, traffickers and trafficking networks are in it for the money. It\u2019s difficult to get clear, updated information on how much the human trafficking industry brings in, but in 2014, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/global\/about-the-ilo\/newsroom\/news\/WCMS_243201\/lang--en\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ILO<\/a> reported the industry\u2019s worth at $150 billion. $99 billion came from commercial sexual exploitation while forced labor was worth $51 billion. According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/documents\/data-and-analysis\/tip\/2021\/GLOTiP_2020_15jan_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNODC 2020 report<\/a> on human trafficking, some large criminal organizations can make millions or even tens of millions of dollars over the years. Smaller groups or individuals may only make a few thousand dollars for a woman or girl, but in many places, that money goes a long way. There\u2019s also the money saved by using trafficked labor for services and product creation. As an example, a fishing boat with trafficked workers only has to pay for the supplies necessary to keep their workers alive; they aren\u2019t paying a wage. The traffickers keep the wages and raise their profits.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":11714,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8805],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-issues","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.3 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>10 Causes of Human Trafficking | Human Rights Careers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"10 Causes of Human Trafficking\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Human Rights Careers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanRightsCareers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-09-22T10:05:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-03T04:19:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/prison-162885_1280-2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"960\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Emmaline Soken-Huberty\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@HuRiCareers\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@HuRiCareers\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Emmaline Soken-Huberty\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Emmaline Soken-Huberty\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#\/schema\/person\/6f1a5aa6d77a682162b2d76bcf1628e4\"},\"headline\":\"10 Causes of Human Trafficking\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-09-22T10:05:42+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-03T04:19:25+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/\"},\"wordCount\":1649,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/prison-162885_1280-2.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Issues\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/\",\"name\":\"10 Causes of Human Trafficking | Human Rights Careers\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/prison-162885_1280-2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-09-22T10:05:42+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-03T04:19:25+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/prison-162885_1280-2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/prison-162885_1280-2.jpg\",\"width\":1280,\"height\":960},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"10 Causes of Human Trafficking\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/\",\"name\":\"Human Rights Careers\",\"description\":\"Opportunities, Courses, Jobs, Internships\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Human Rights Careers\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/stencil.default-15.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/stencil.default-15.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":800,\"caption\":\"Human Rights Careers\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanRightsCareers\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/HuRiCareers\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/human-rights-careers\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#\/schema\/person\/6f1a5aa6d77a682162b2d76bcf1628e4\",\"name\":\"Emmaline Soken-Huberty\",\"description\":\"Emmaline Soken-Huberty is a freelance writer based in Portland, Oregon. She started to become interested in human rights while attending college, eventually getting a concentration in human rights and humanitarianism. LGBTQ+ rights, women\u2019s rights, and climate change are of special concern to her. In her spare time, she can be found reading or enjoying Oregon\u2019s natural beauty with her husband and dog.\",\"sameAs\":[\"www.orf.at\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/author\/emmaline-soken-huberty\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"10 Causes of Human Trafficking | Human Rights Careers","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"10 Causes of Human Trafficking","og_url":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/","og_site_name":"Human Rights Careers","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanRightsCareers\/","article_published_time":"2019-09-22T10:05:42+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-02-03T04:19:25+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1280,"height":960,"url":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/prison-162885_1280-2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Emmaline Soken-Huberty","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@HuRiCareers","twitter_site":"@HuRiCareers","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Emmaline Soken-Huberty","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/"},"author":{"name":"Emmaline Soken-Huberty","@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#\/schema\/person\/6f1a5aa6d77a682162b2d76bcf1628e4"},"headline":"10 Causes of Human Trafficking","datePublished":"2019-09-22T10:05:42+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-03T04:19:25+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/"},"wordCount":1649,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/prison-162885_1280-2.jpg","articleSection":["Issues"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/","url":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/","name":"10 Causes of Human Trafficking | Human Rights Careers","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/prison-162885_1280-2.jpg","datePublished":"2019-09-22T10:05:42+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-03T04:19:25+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/prison-162885_1280-2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/prison-162885_1280-2.jpg","width":1280,"height":960},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/issues\/10-causes-of-human-trafficking\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"10 Causes of Human Trafficking"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/","name":"Human Rights Careers","description":"Opportunities, Courses, Jobs, Internships","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#organization","name":"Human Rights Careers","url":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/stencil.default-15.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/stencil.default-15.jpg","width":1200,"height":800,"caption":"Human Rights Careers"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanRightsCareers\/","https:\/\/x.com\/HuRiCareers","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/human-rights-careers\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/#\/schema\/person\/6f1a5aa6d77a682162b2d76bcf1628e4","name":"Emmaline Soken-Huberty","description":"Emmaline Soken-Huberty is a freelance writer based in Portland, Oregon. She started to become interested in human rights while attending college, eventually getting a concentration in human rights and humanitarianism. LGBTQ+ rights, women\u2019s rights, and climate change are of special concern to her. In her spare time, she can be found reading or enjoying Oregon\u2019s natural beauty with her husband and dog.","sameAs":["www.orf.at"],"url":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/author\/emmaline-soken-huberty\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11713","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11713"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11713\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23796,"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11713\/revisions\/23796"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11713"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11713"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.humanrightscareers.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11713"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}